Quantitative Techniques Essays

Quantitative Techniques Essays Quantitative Techniques Essay Quantitative Techniques Essay Clarify the utilization of Quantitative Techniques in Business and Management? Imprints: 10 b). What are constraints of Statistics? Imprints: 10 Page 2 of 29 Page 3 of 29 a). QUATITATIVE TECHNIQUES Quantitative methods alludes to the gathering of factual and tasks research procedures. Every one of these methods require fundamental information on specific themes in science. Quantitative Techniques Statistical Techniques Operations Research USE OF QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES IN BUSINESS AND MANAGMENT Due to expanding multifaceted nature in business and industry, dynamic dependent on instinct has become exceptionally sketchy particularly when the choice includes the decision among a few approaches every one of which can accomplish a few administration activities. So there is requirement for preparing the individuals who can deal with a framework effectively and inventively. Quantitative Techniques presently have a significant job in successful dynamic in different utilitarian zones of the executives I. e. advertising, fund, creation and faculty. These methods are additionally generally utilized in arranging, transportation, general wellbeing, correspondence, military, horticulture and so forth. Quantitative strategies are additionally utilized broadly as a guide in business dynamic. A portion of the zones where quantitative strategies can be utilized are: Page 3 of 29 Page 4 of 29 MANAGEMENT I). Showcasing Analysis of promoting research data Statistical records for building and keeping up a broad market Sales guaging iii). iv). Financial matters Measurement of gross national item and info yield investigation Determination of business cycle, long haul development and occasional variances Comparison of market costs, cost and benefits of individual firms Analysis of populace, land economies and monetary geology Page 4 of 29 ii). Creation Production arranging, control and examination Evaluation of machine execution Quality control necessity (to break down the information/patterns) Inventory control estimates Finance, Accounting and Investment Financial conjecture, spending readiness Financial speculation choices Selection of protections Auditing capacity Credit approaches, credit hazard and reprobate records Personnel Labor turn over rate Employment patterns Performance evaluation Wage rates and motivating force plans Page 5 of 29 Operational investigations of open utilities Formulation of proper monetary strategies and assessment of their impact RESEARCH Development of new product offerings Optimal utilization of assets Evaluation of existing items NATURAL SCIENCE Diagnosis of malady dependent on information like temperature, beat rate, pulse and so on. Making a decision about the productivity of a specific medication for relieving a specific sickness Study of vegetation In the serious and dynamic business w orld, firms/organizations who likes to succeed and endure are those which are fit for amplifying the utilization of instruments of the board like quantitative strategies. ) LIMITATIONS OF Statistics with all its wide application in each circle of human movement has its own constraints. Some of them are given underneath. 1. Insights IS NOT SUITABLE TO THE STUDY OF QUALITATIVE PHENOMENON: Since insights is essentially a science and manages a lot of numerical information, it is relevant to the investigation of just these subjects of enquiry, which can be communicated as far as quantitative estimations. Indeed, subjective wonder like genuineness, destitution, excellence, knowledge and so on, can't be communicated numerically and any Page 5 of 29 Page 6 of 29 factual investigation can't be legitimately applied on these subjective marvels. By the by, measurable strategies might be applied in a roundabout way by first lessening the subjective articulations to precise quantitative terms. For instance, the insight of a gathering of understudies can be concentrated based on their imprints in a specific assessment. 2. Insights DOES NOT STUDY INDIVIDUALS: Statistics doesn't give a particular significance to the individual things; in certainty it manages a total of items. Singular things, when they are taken separately don't comprise any measurable information and don't fill any need for any factual enquiry. 3. Factual LAWS ARE NOT EXACT: It is notable that numerical and physical sciences are careful. In any case, measurable laws are not accurate and factual laws are just approximations. Factual ends are not generally obvious. They are genuine just on a normal. 4. Measurements TABLE MAY BE MISUSED: Statistics must be utilized distinctly by specialists; in any case, factual techniques are the most hazardous devices on the hands of the inexpert. The utilization of factual apparatuses by the unpracticed and untraced people may prompt wrong ends. Measurements can be effortlessly abused by citing incorrectly figures of information. 5. Measurements IS ONLY, ONE OF THE METHODS OF STUDYING A PROBLEM: Statistical strategy don't give total arrangement of the issues since issues are to be contemplated taking the foundation of the nations culture, reasoning or religion into thought. Along these lines the measurable examination ought to be enhanced by different confirmations. References: www. textbooksonline. tn. nic. in/Page 6 of 29 Page 7 of 29 Question 2 ). Various kinds of capacities are presented and utilized in CACULUS, quickly clarify them? Imprints: 10 b). Diagram and discover space of f(x) = 22 if x lt; 0 if x gt; 0 Marks: 10 3x + 1 Page 7 of 29 Page 8 of 29 a). Sorts OF FUNCTION Different kinds of capacities that are presented and utilized in analytics are: I). ii). iii). iv). v). vi). I). Direct Function Polynomial Function Absolute Value Function Inverse Function Step Function Algebraic Function LINEAR FUNCTION A straight capacity is one in which the intensity of autonomous variable is 1, it is likewise called single variable capacity. The general articulation of direct capacity having just a single autonomous variable is: y = f(x) = a + bx where an and b are given genuine numbers and x is a free factor taking every single numerical incentive in a stretch. Single variable capacity can be direct and non-straight, for instance y = and y = 2 + 3x †52 + x2 (non-direct single variable capacity) 3 + 2x (Linear single variable capacity) Page 8 of 29 Page 9 of 29 A direct capacity with one variable can generally be diagramed in a two dimensional plane. This diagram can generally be plotted by giving various qualities to x and ascertaining comparing estimations of y. The chart of such capacities is consistently a straight line. ii). POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION Polynomial capacities are capacities with x as an information variable, comprised of a few terms, each term is comprised of two factors, the first being a genuine number coefficient, and the second being x raised to some non-negative whole number force. Polynomial capacities are capacities that have this structure: y = f(x) = anxn + a 1xn-1 + a1x1 + a0 The estimation of n must be a nonnegative whole number. That is, it must be entire number; it is equivalent to zero or a positive whole number. an, a 1, , a1, a0 are called coefficients. These are genuine numbers. The level of the polynomial capacity is the most elevated an incentive for n where an isn't equivalent to 0. In the event that n = 1, at that point the polynomial capacity is of degree 1 and is known as a direct capacity and in the event that n = 2, at that point the polynomial capacity is of degree 2 and is called quadratic capacity and generally composed as: y = iii). ax2 + bx + c ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION The outright worth capacity is the genuine esteemed capacity characterized as follows. =  ¦x  ¦ Where  ¦x  ¦ is known as greatness or supreme estimation of x. By total worth implies that whether x is certain or negative, its Page 9 of 29 Page 10 of 29 supreme worth will stay positive. For instance  ¦7  ¦= 7 and  ¦-6  ¦ = 6. The chart of given capacity is this way: iv). Reverse FUNCTION Take the capacity y = f(x ). At that point the estimation of y can be remarkably decided for given estimations of x according to the useful relationship. . Once in a while it is required to think about x as an of y, so that for given estimations of y, the estimations of x can be resolved according to the useful relationship. This is known as the converse capacity and is additionally given by x = f - 1 (y). For instance think about the direct capacity: y= hatchet + b Expressing this as far as x, we get x = y b/a y/a b/a = cy †d where c = 1/an, and d = b/a This is additionally a straight capacity and is meant by x = f - 1 (y). v). STEP FUNCTION For various estimations of a free factor x in a span, the dependant variable y = f(x) takes a consistent worth, yet takes Page 10 of 29 Page 11 of 29 distinct qualities in various stretches. In such cases the given capacity y = f(x) is known as a stage work. I). Logarithmic TRANSCENDENTAL Functions can likewise be arranged as for the numerical activities (expansion, deduction, increase, division, powers and roots) engaged with the utilitarian connection between dependant variable and autonomous factors. At the point when just limited number of terms are associated with a practical relationship and factors are influenced distinctly by the numerical tasks, at tha t point the capacity is called an arithmetical capacity in any case supernatural capacity. The accompanying capacities are logarithmic elements of x. ). ii). iii). y = 23 + 52 3x + 9 y = vx + 1/x2 Y = x3 1/vx + 2 The subclasses of supernatural capacities are: I). ii). b). Exponential Function Logarithmic Function DOMAIN: Domain comprises of every single genuine number aside from zero. Presently think about f (x) = 22 where x lt; 0 Supposed the estimations of x are - 1, - 3, - 5, at that point Page 11 of 29 Page 12 of 29 f (- 1) = 2(- 1)2 = 2 f(- 3) = 2(- 3)2 = 18 f(- 5) = 2(- 5)2 = 50 Its chart is as per the following; f (x) = 22 60 50 40 Y-Axis 30 20 10 0 - 6 - 5 - 4 - 3 X-Axis - 2 - 1 Now think about f (x) = 3x + 1 if x gt; 0 Assume va

Irene Diary Entry free essay sample

Because of the passing of the executive the new chief has requested that I help the examiners and illuminate the specialists cap well generous co-work in at any rate despite the fact that we cannot endure any significant disturbance, despite the fact that I was worried about the examination and how it was putting me behind my work and out Of my place he guaranteed me that will in any case have my spot after it clears up. Today at Gotcha went up to the top to watch the dispatch again like typically do gazing toward the sky caused me to feel deplorable, knowing I wouldnt have the option to go up there myself and realizing that the main outing I would have the option to take in space is around the sun on the titillate because of what they call inadmissible probability of cardiovascular breakdown despite the fact that I was hereditarily designed there were flaws.I wonder what it would resemble if didnt have cardiovascular breakdown and my hereditarily building was fruitful, I would have had the option to much more and I surmise Working at Gotcha would be diverse as well. We will compose a custom article test on Irene Diary Entry or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Today was unique however as I was strolling Jerome came up behind me telling me he was there by saying l see Im not by any means the only one who looks into each time theres a dispatch we began talking session the chief and how he had attempted to drop his flight multiple times. Old Jerome that had him sequenced and perused his record I additionally educated him concerning me having a probability of cardiovascular breakdown considering he thought was designed like the remainder of them. I gave him a strand of my hair so he can get me sequenced yet he let it go saying the breeze blew it. That night I was getting Jerome to go watch the man with twelve fingers play his piece on the piano, it was very uncommon to watch him play, Jerome got one of his gloves after and passed it to me, it was an exquisite gesture.A not many evenings later we went out again it was not how I anticipated that it should go at all it began of flawless however as the night went on the examiners came and everythi ng transformed, I needed to run and it was tiring, dont think I have each run such a great amount in my life I disclosed to him that I couldnt run that much and he answered with You simply did. I was very startled in the partner route remaining with Vincent yet he sort of quieted me down.

My relationship with nature Essay

It's a given that one can't live without nature. Nature has a lot to educate. Each scene is the blessing given naturally. As I sit at the window, tuning in to the downpour stirring, I turn on the lights, and begin to ponder the lost recollections about my youth with nature. I was conceived in a basic siheyuan, a commonplace Chinese house with yards in an old hutong. Hutongs are a sort of restricted road, going back as ahead of schedule as Yuan administration. A large portion of them run from east to west, no more extensive than nine meters. Hutongs are the residence for Beijingers, but on the other hand are social galleries. Each block and tile has its history; just individuals who live in Hutongs will comprehend the importance of the city’s harmony and quietness. During my youth, I lived with all my relatives which incorporated my folks, grandparents, uncle, aunties, incredible aunties and my extraordinary granddad together in my adolescence. The siheyuan was just one story so it was simple for me to be shut to nature. The entirety of my most joyful memory was the experience lived in this siheyuan. There was a yard lies outside of the entryway door. Our family possesses two pomegranate trees and a toona tree whose leaves are consumable and scrumptious. Each harvest time, my preferred action is to climb the trees to pick those new, delicious pomegranates and the buds of toons. Notwithstanding the trees, there is a wonderful park that is just a brief walk. Each late spring, I went angling in the waterway in the recreation center with my neighbors and afterward cooked the fish and shrimp for supper. While I ate, I came to comprehend that nature that gives fundamental nourishments to human life and I truly valued that. Be that as it may, before I could additionally investigate relationship with nature, at six years old, my folks and I left the Siheyuan and moved into a five story old structure. I could not, at this point live with all my relatives, and I was not, at this point ready to. Be that as it may, something to be thankful for occurred; my folks got me a chick for me to take care of. At the point when I grasped the little chick, I couldn’t help however to cherish it. I quickly got a container and put the chick into it and furthermore put inside a little jug loaded up with water. At that point I introduced a fifteen-wattâ light bulb to carry the light to the chick on the grounds that my grandpa revealed to me that most wanton chicks and hens don't leave the warmth given by lights. Following fourteen days, the chick developed well and was sound. It was so adorable when he utilized his two little hooks to run to a great extent. It was much all the more fascinating when he drank the wate r. He put his mouth into the little water bowl from the start, and afterward raised his head and gulped water and simultaneously, shaking his head. Perhaps, he was revealing to me he was so glad. At that point, a catastrophe occurred. At some point, I felt he was not sufficient, so I took care of him somewhat more millet before I went to class. I was stressed over the chick all the day and when I returned from school, it had kicked the bucket by eating an excessive amount of millet. The following day, my grandmother cooked the chicken I had raised and taken care of the entirety of the relatives with the exception of me. I was harmed to such an extent that I cried in my bed throughout the night. It was not quite the same as eating the fish and shrimp I got from the waterway. I started to ponder whether individuals should execute animals of nature. As I began question the relationship with nature, our family moved to our third house. It was a twenty-four stories present day condo. I had a feeling that I was completely secluded from nature. At the point when I started secondary school, I had no leisure time to consider the nature. Consistently on my approach to class, I strolled pass by the most celebrated hutong in Beijing and the focal park in our area, I just couldn't stop for a moment to investigate them. In any case, at that point, my dad planted a few plants in our overhang and took care of a few fish in an aquarium. Each morning, I woke up by a sort of awful stench, and I realized that was my father changing the water of the aquarium for the fish. He continued doing this each morning and even now the fish are as yet alive. My dad disclosed to me that each animal of nature should be deliberately thought about. Just when you understand creatures and plants are equivalent with person, you will respect the excellence in them. People are so little contrasted with nature. The connection among individuals and nature is much the same as a drop in the sea or a grain of sand in the desert. In the wake of tuning in to his words, I began to figure out how to regard the characteristic world by appreciating the excellence of the nature. The connection among nature and me is identified with where I lived in. I delighted in playing with characteristic animals before I was six and got confounded about the connection among nature and person when I moved out theâ siheyuan. At long last, by listening my father’s words, I was profoundly moved and I was shocked to discover the excellence in each normal and not entirely obvious articles. He gave me eyes to discover excellence in all things.

5 Psychology Studies To Restore Your Faith in Humanity

Dangers Of Distracted Driving Essay - 1812 Words

The Dangers of Distracted Driving No matter the age a person may be, his/her actions affect others; especially when they’re operating a vehicle capable of injuring or taking one’s life. Many people drive distracted which causes a serious issue. Drivers have to be more aware since distracted driving poses great risks to the driver’s life and others on the road as it increases the probability of a tragic accident. Numerous lives are being lost each day due to distracted driving and not abiding by the laws. In today’s society, people need to focus on driving as there has been an increase in the possibility of death; influenced by both alcohol and drugs in addition to technology. Driving dangerously due to distractions is extremely hazardous†¦show more content†¦Looking out for hazards on the road is extraordinarily important. Overall, pay attention when driving as people are dying due to reckless driving, but they are also being injured from the result of a collision. Hazardous driving creates the potential risk of a crash considering drivers are not paying attention. While some believe they are not a threat when driving distracted, careless drivers cause other people danger as well as themselves. Putting anyone s life in danger for recreational purposes may be higher-risk than one may think no matter how fast they look away from the road. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration indicates, when traveling at 55 mph, taking your eyes off the road is like driving through an entire football field without opening your eyes (Distracted Driving n.p.). Thinking twice before taking a peek at a text message is a wise option because it could result in something fatal. Also, people less experienced with driving are more likely to injure or kill themselves in an accident. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, drivers under the age of 40 are more commonly a part of fatal accidents due to distractions (Distracted Driving 20 13 2). The lack of knowledge and understanding increases the likelihood of a collision due to interferences when driving. Not only do drivers, especially inexperienced one, cause accidents, they alsoShow MoreRelatedDistracted Driving: The Danger of the Technological Age Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesDistracted driving: the Danger of the technological age Every year there are hundreds of car accidents that are directly related to some style of electronic device distracting people in cars driving and sadly the death rate keeps increasing as more technology is developed. For many people the use of their cell phone is a way to keep in contact with their friends or business partners. This technology advancement has started a problem with people trying to multitask behind the driver’s wheel whichRead MoreDistracted Driving Annotated Bibliography1727 Words   |  7 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Distracted Driving. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. In this article â€Å"Distracted Driving†, many distractions are mentioned other than just cell phone usage, such as changing the radio station or driving with kids in the back seat. It is stated that the dangers from distracted driving are because of the decrease in brain function and inability to pay full attention to the road. These practicesRead MoreTexting While Driving Argumentative Essay773 Words   |  4 PagesArgumentative Essay Many accidents are blamed on distracted driving and most of the distractions are caused by cell phone usage. However, some opponents feel that creating a law against cell phone use infringes their personal rights. Others think that banning someone from using their cell phones is equivalent to telling someone that they cant adjust their radio or chat with someone else in their car. However, using a cell phone, whether talking or texting, while driving can be extremely dangerous;Read MorePersuasive Essay On Careless Driving981 Words   |  4 PagesCareless Driving As I was on my way to work I didn’t think of the consequences or what would happen when I looked down to grab cologne driving 35 mph. As reacted to put the clutch in neutral and slam on the break’s it was already too late for I had already hit the back of the truck in front of me. The next thing I saw was the air bag hitting me in the face not knowing it had already deployed because of how fast it came out. As I was sitting there, in my car thinking of what I had done the firstRead MoreEssay on Public Service Announcements on Texting and Driving1154 Words   |  5 PagesArgumentative Essay Revision Shot to aim directly at people who tend to disregard warnings and are most like to be distracted drivers, texting and driving PSA’s bring awareness and self consciousness to the general public as they display from moderate to severe graphic scenes on what happens when you take your eyes off of the wheel. A distracted driving PSA ad is not only one of the best ways to alert people of the consequences of unfocused driving, but it can also reduce the number of distracted drivingRead MoreTexting While Driving Is A Major Concern Worldwide1243 Words   |  5 Pages Texting and Driving Sergio Lugo Miami Dade College Introduction Texting while driving has become a major concern worldwide due to its highly probable fatal results. Texting while driving can be defined as the act of communicating on a mobile communication device via short message services or electronic mails. Since the early years of the 21st century, mobile communication devices have gained wide usage and have almost become the standard mode of communication. Their use has brought undesiredRead MoreArgument Essay On Texting While Driving1420 Words   |  6 PagesPaola Bojorquez Pro. Wenzell English 100 21 September 2016 Essay #1 Texting while driving It’s time to stop texting while driving. Most of the accidents are accused of distracted driving and most of the distractions are most of the time caused by cell phones. However, some opponents feel that creating a law against cell phone use infringes their personal rights. Other people assume that prohibiting from someone from using their cell phone is the same thing in just like telling someone that theyRead MoreTexting and Driving Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesChantay Lowe English 1301 Persuasive Essay People should be cited for texting while driving because not only are drivers putting themselves in danger but also everyone else around them. Statistics have indicated that over 6,000 deaths and well over half a million injuries have occurred due to drivers using cell phones in 2011 alone. Drivers sending or receiving test messages take their eyes off of the road for at least five seconds which is enough time to cover an entire football fieldRead MoreAnalysis Of Cellphones By Rex Murphy1386 Words   |  6 PagesThe essay, Cellphones by Rex Murphy is an informal persuasive essay on the topic of cell phones and how distracting they are. The essay is a cause and effect essay that implicitly conveys the thesis, arguing that cell phones are distracting and inhibit driving. The writer attempts to use humour mixed with a very negative tone to raise awareness among Toronto citizens of the dangers of cell phones, following the movement that calls for cell phones to be banned in cars in T oronto. Although distractedRead MoreDriving While Using Cellphones While Vehicles1601 Words   |  7 Pagesshould be prohibited because, drivers are at a four times greater risk of a crash, studies shows that driving while using your cellphone is worse than drunk driving, and it can weaken a person’s management of the automobile and decreases their attentiveness of what is going around on the path they are driving at. In an interview between Ray Suarez and professor David Strayer an expert on distracted driving, Strayer, from the University of Utah is a psychology professor whose published studies of his own

Gene Therapy Essay - 2620 Words

Gene Therapy I. Introduction With the human genome project now completed, identifying our DNA, the next step forward is being taken to analyze this information and apply it in a helpful context. As we discover which genes affect and trigger the different traits humans possess, new questions result pertaining to potential problems in our DNA as well as genetic enhancement opportunities. In theory, once a problem is pinpointed within a person’s DNA, there exists a possibility for correcting this defect. Gene therapy is a technique used for correcting defective genes responsible for disease development. This relatively new idea sparks much controversy when societal implications are examined. Bill Joy, chief scientist and†¦show more content†¦The former concentrates on treating the individual, while the latter aims to eliminate â€Å"bad† genes from the individual as well as their offspring. Somatic gene therapy up to this point has been used to treat rare, deadly, genetic diseases by the insertion of specific genes into human cells other than the cells directly used in reproduction. One problem is the method of insertion. The methods that transfer the new DNA to a defective cell are referred to as vectors. The most commonly used vectors are viruses, more specifically, adenoviruses or retroviruses ( Adams , 2004). Because of the viruses’ natural ability to get by the body’s immune system and introduce DNA into cells without being detected right away, researchers find them to be a particularly useful tool. First the virus must be stripped of its harmful properties and then forced to take up the corrective DNA. The remaining goal is successful delivery to many cells in order for replication as well as insertion into the correct place in the chromosome. Delivery can be categorized as ex vivo or in vivo. Ex vivo, the first delivery method used, removes cells from the body in order to modify and correct the DNA. Through the aid of a vector and after cell modification, the cells are transplanted back into the patient where they will replicate. Blood or liver cells are good candidates for this method (â€Å"Gene Therapy†, 2004). In vivoShow MoreRelatedGene Therapy And Germline Therapy1612 Words   |  7 PagesGood afternoon Mr David and class. Today the topic of gene therapy will be discussed, so to begin, what is gene therapy? Basically, gene therapy is the modification of genes to alter a certain characteristic that ultimately can cure a genetic disease. There are two types of gene therapy: somatic gene therapy and germline gene therapy. Somatic gene therapy is when blood cells are extracted from a person and a normal gene is then inserted into the defective cell. This does not prevent the disease fromRead MoreHuman Gen e Therapy771 Words   |  3 PagesHuman gene therapy is essentially using DNA as a treatment for various genetic diseases. Most commonly, new and functional DNA is put within a vector which is then inserted into the patient. Gene therapy not only treats the problem but treats the genetic issues with a person’s DNA. The genes help to correct or replace the genes that were functioning incorrectly. Gene therapy helps by stopping a protein from functioning incorrectly, giving a protein a different function, giving the protein its normalRead MoreThe Discovery Of Gene Therapy1694 Words   |  7 Pagesnew information about genes and protein synthesis quickly followed (NLM, 2014). This new knowledge about genes made scientists look at the biological processes in new ways (Nobel Prize.org, 2014). One of the biggest breakthroughs was the development Gene Therapy. This paper will demonstrate how Gene Therapy is an important step in revolutionizing medicine and treating disease. It is believed that Gene Therapy holds the key to permanently curing disease. Gene Therapy Researchers haveRead MoreThe Controversies Of Gene Therapy1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe Controversies of Gene Therapy Demolishing genetic diseases from the human race has been and always will be a key role in science. However, there comes a point in time when moral standards have interjected the betterment of cleansing genetic diseases. One of the many branches of science that has the complete capability to exterminate our destiny of any genetic diseases, gene therapy, is being silenced due to the curse of society’s moral standards. There is a very narrow line in what is not morallyRead More Gene Therapy Essay4691 Words   |  19 PagesGene Therapy Gene therapy is a powerful new technology that has the ability to change the way medicine is practiced in the future. The potential of gene therapy offers great hope for cure and alleviation of suffering from genetic disorders that now plague numerous people. Within this past decade, much research has been conducted to learn about the aspects of gene therapy, but there is still much to learn before it is an effective medical treatment. Despite failures to prove any clinical efficacyRead MoreA Study On Gene Therapy Essay1852 Words   |  8 PagesGene Therapy I first learned about gene therapy while watching an episode of Grey’s Anatomy. Over multiple episodes, Dr. Bailey is trying to cure a child’s lack of immunity with the use of gene therapy, and more specifically with the use of HIV as a gene transfer vector. To make the virus usable, Dr. Bailey disables the virus and uses it for a traveling mechanism. The parents were afraid that disabling the virus would fail, causing their child to be infected with the HIV virus, so they pulled theirRead MoreThe New Paradigm Gene Therapy965 Words   |  4 Pages Gene therapy, the experimental strategy that requires the use of genes to prevent and cure diseases is a fairly new technique, yet it is one which has shown steady advancements. The journal article â€Å"Gene therapy clinical trials worldwide to 2012—An update† sets out to present analysis and summaries of clinical trials that have been performed worldwide. Authors Samantha L. Ginn, Ian E. Alexander, Michael Ede lstein, Mohammad R. Abedi and Joanne Wixon dive into some of the 1843 gene therapy trialsRead MoreEssay on A Look at Gene Therapy1264 Words   |  6 PagesWould you consider altering your DNA if it could save your life? Scientist have been working on gene therapy since the 1970s, this biotechnological form of medicine is the attempt to medically modify cells to help eliminate or prevent diseases by correcting defective genes. Imagine the possibilities of having your DNA tested for heritable diseases and being able to eliminate such diseases from your future. From 1990-2003 the Department of Energy coordinated a project called the Human Genome ProjectRead MoreThe History Of Sytech And Gene Therapy1130 Words   |  5 PagesAll you need to know about Gene therapy Sytech- Curing the future The history of SyTech and Gene therapy Gene therapy was introduced in 1985 by SyTech and has been the main priority of the company ever since due to its promising future in science. One of the first human gene therapy procedures involved injecting the correct ADA gene to a four year old girl with the ADA deficiency. Due to the success of the procedure, the patient is now living a healthy life. The success marked an important landmarkRead MoreThe Therapeutic Potential of Gene Therapy1334 Words   |  6 PagesA novel therapeutic modality, gene therapy is the transfer of nucleic acids – DNA or RNA – into select somatic (body) cells to correct genetic defects or produce therapeutic proteins. It can be performed ex vivo (â€Å"out of the living†) or in vivo (â€Å"within the living†). In the ex vivo method, the target cells are removed from the patient, genetically modified, and reintroduced into the patients body. This approach is efficient but limited to easily accessible cells such as epithelia l cells (cells covering

Organizational Culture Compared free essay sample

To understand organizational culture, it is imperative to first understand culture. Culture can be defined as the beliefs, customs, practices, and social behavior of a particular nation or people; a particular set of attitudes that haracterizes a group of people; or a group of people whose shared beliefs and practices identify the particular place, class or time to which they belong (Encarta). Secondly, one must value the meaning of culture in the work place in order to comprehend its advantages. The ability to interact effectively with members of other cultures often translates into financial gain, increased employment, and better advancement prospects (DeVito 26). The next step in understanding organizational culture is to know the exact definition. Edgar Schein defines it as: A pattern of hared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, which has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way you perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems (Nellen). Schein describes the culture of an organization as consisting of three levels. At the fundamental level are the core beliefs and assumptions that members of a culture see as truth (Cheney, that it is necessary for the system to grow, and that workers must be supervised. The second level consists of values and behavioral norms. In this section the organization beings to recognize its involvement in the culture; it becomes aware of its culture. Artifacts are the third level of organizational culture. Artifacts are the portion of the organization that involves the five senses. They are visible and tangible. An example of a cultures artifact is its building or the dress code. Deal and Kennedy defined organizational culture as the way things get done around here. They measured organizations in respect of: * Feedback quick feedback eans an instant response. This could be in monetary terms, but could also be seen in other ways, such as the impact of a great save in a soccer match. * Risk represents the degree of uncertainty in the organizations activities. Using these parameters, they were able to suggest four classifications of organizational culture: * The Tough-Guy Macho Culture. Feedback is quick and the rewards are high. This often applies to fast moving financial activities such as brokerage, but could also apply to a police force, or athletes competing in team sports. This can be a very tressful culture in which to operate. * The Work Hard/Play Hard Culture is characterized by few risks being taken, all with rapid feedback. This is typical in large organizations, which strive for high quality customer service. It is often characterized by team meetings, Jargon and buzzwords. * The Bet your Company Culture, where big stakes decisions are taken, but it may be years before the results are known. Typically, these might involve development or exploration projects, which take years to come to fruition, such as oil prospecting or military aviation. * The Process Culture occurs in organizations where there is little or no feedback. People become bogged down with how things are done not with what is to be achieved. This is often associated with bureaucracies. While it is easy to criticize these cultures for being overly cautious or bogged down in red tape, they do produce consistent results, which are ideal in, for example, public services. Charles Handy (1985) popularized the 1972 work of Roger Harrison of looking at culture which some scholars have used to link organizational structure to organizational culture. He describes Harrisons four ypes thus: * a Power Culture which concentrates power among a few. Control radiates from the center like a web. Power and influence spread out from a central fgure or group. Power desires from the top person and personal relationships with that individual matters more than any formal title of position. Power Cultures have few rules and little bureaucracy; swift decisions can ensue. * In a Role Culture, people have clearly delegated authorities within a highly defined structure. Typically, these organizations form hierarchical bureaucracies. Power derives from a persons osition and little scope exists for expert power. Controlled by procedures, roles descriptions and authority definitions. Predictable and consistent systems and procedures are highly valued. By contrast, in a Task Culture, teams are formed to solve particular problems. Power derives from expertise as long as a team requires expertise. These cultures often feature the multiple reporting lines of a matrix structure. It is all a small team approach, who are highly skilled and specialist in their own markets of experience. * A Person Culture exists where all individuals believe rganizations, s ince the concept of an organization suggests that a group of like- minded individuals pursue the organizational goals. Some professional partnerships can operate as person cultures, because each partner brings a particular expertise and clientele to the firm. Writers from Critical management studies have tended to express skepticism about the functionalist and unitary views of culture put forward by mainstream management thinkers. While not necessarily denying that organizations are cultural phenomena, they would stress the ways in which cultural ssumptions can stifle dissent and reproduce management propaganda and ideology. After all, it would be naive to believe that a single culture exists in all organizations, or that cultural engineering will reflect the interests of all stakeholders within an organization. In any case, Parker has suggested that many of the assumptions of those putting forward theories of organizational culture are not new. They reflect a long-standing tension between cultural and structural (or informal and formal) versions of what organizations are. Further, it is perfectly reasonable to uggest that complex organizations might have many cultures, and that such sub- cultures might overlap and contradict each other. The neat typologies of cultural forms found in textbooks rarely acknowledge such complexities, or the various economic contradictions that exist in capitalist organizations. One of the strongest and widely recognized criticisms of theories that attempt to categorize or pigeonhole organizational culture is that put forward by Linda Smircich. She uses the metaphor of a plant root to represent culture, describing that it drives organizations rather than vice versa.